Descrizione sommaria:
D. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTI-M AVG GERM DAC³. Traiano, busto laureato e corazzato a destra.
R. PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P SPQR. Il Sole, busto radiato e drappeggiato a destra⁴.

1. https://www.numisbids.com/n.php?p=lot&sid=2736&lot=715 Roma Numismatics Ltd Auction XVI 26 Sep 2018 Lot 715 Estimate: 8000 GBP Lot unsold. Trajan AV Aureus. Rome, AD 116-117. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right, seen from behind / PARTHICO P M TR P P COS VI P P SPQR, radiate and draped bust of Sol right. RIC 329; Calicó 1038; BMCRE 621. 7.21g, 20mm, 6h. Extremely Fine. Attractive lustre around the devices. Ex Ambrose Collection; Ex Künker 193, 26 September 2011, lot 674. In AD 113, Trajan left Rome to embark upon his Parthian campaign. Osroes despatched an embassy from the Parthian court which finally met the emperor in Athens, by which point it was too late for him to turn back, and as R. P. Longden so eloquently writes, 'their apprehensive humility would have no doubt only sharpened his zest for the enterprise'. (Cf. Longden, R.P., Notes on the Parthian Campaigns of Trajan, The Journal of Roman Studies 21, (1931), pp. 1-35). The following year, Trajan invaded Armenia, deposed its king Parthamasiris, and annexed it as a Roman province. In 115, Trajan also annexed Northern Mesopotamia, and later the same year he captured the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon. Following the conquest of Ctesiphon, Trajan accepted the title 'Parthicus' in 115-116, which features as the reverse legend on the types of this lot; the bust of Sol, who rises in the East, may symbolise Roman dominance over the region. Trajan's glory was short-lived, however, since in late 116 revolts broke out in Armenia and Northern Mesopotamia, forcing Trajan to abandon his campaign to increase the territory of the Rome and consolidate that which he had already gained. Dio Cassius relates that on looking out towards India, Trajan lamented that his age prevented him from following in the footsteps of Alexander (LXVIII 28.1).
2. https://www.cgb.fr/trajan-aureus-tb,brm_501235,a.html Live auction - brm_501235 - TRAJAN Aureus TB. Estimation: 2 500€. Prix: 1 900 €. Offre maximum: 2 050 €. Fin de la vente: 16 juin 2020 14:52:11. participants: 4 participants. Type: Aureus. Date: 117. Nom de l'atelier/ville: Rome, Victoire Parthique. Métal: or. Diamètre: 19mm. Axe des coins: 6h. Poids: 7,22g. Degré de rareté: R2. COMMENTAIRES SUR L'ÉTAT DE CONSERVATION: Exemplaire présentant d’importantes traces de circulation et sur la tranche, d’anciennes marques d’une monture. RÉFÉRENCE OUVRAGE: C.187 (50f.) - RIC.329 - BMC/RE.621 - H.1/759 - RCV.3100 (5000$) - MRK.- - Cal.1038. PEDIGREE: Exemplaire provenant de la vente i-numis 12, lot 137, du 20 octobre 2010 et de la collection R. P AVERS Titulature avers: IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OP-TIM AVG GERM DAC. Description avers: Buste à droite, lauré, cuirassé, vêtu du paludamentum vu de trois quarts en arrière (A*2). Traduction avers: "Imperatori Cæsari Nervæ Traiano Optimo Augusto Germanico Dacico", (À l'empereur César Nerva Trajan, le meilleur germanique dacique). REVERS Titulature revers: PARTHICO P M - TR P COS- VI P P SPQR. Description revers: Buste radié et drapé de Sol à droite vu de trois quarts en avant. Traduction revers: "Parthico Pontifex Maximus Tribunicia Potestate Consul Sextum Pater Patriæ Senatus Populusque Romanus" (Parthique, grand pontife, revêtu de la puissance tribunitienne, consul pour la sixième fois, père de la patrie au nom du Sénat et du Peuple romain). HISTORIQUE TRAJAN (27/10/97-8/08/117). Auguste. Trajan naît le 18 septembre 53 à Italica, près de Séville en Espagne, comme son pupille Hadrien. Il appartient à une famille de colons installée en Espagne. Après une brillante carrière militaire sous les Flaviens, il est consul en 91 et légat de Germanie supérieure quand il est adopté par Nerva en 97 pour lui succéder. Après la mort de ce dernier, il devient auguste. Son règne va être consacré à de nombreuses campagnes militaires contre les Germains sur le limes rhénan, ce qui lui vaut le titre de Germanicus. Puis, il mène deux guerres daciques contre Décébale qui se terminent par l'annexion de la Dacie. Trajan prépare une campagne contre les Parthes, les turbulents et puissants voisins de l'est. Il quitte Rome pour l'Orient et établit son quartier général à Antioche avant d'envahir le royaume parthe. Il ira jusqu'à Ctésiphon (Séleucie sur le Tigre). À sa mort, le 8 août 117, l'Empire est à son apogée et connaît sa plus grande extension territoriale.
3. https://www.numisbids.com/n.php?p=lot&sid=3871&lot=998 Numismatica Ars Classica Spring Sale 2020 25 May 2020 Lot 998 Estimate: 4000 CHF. Price realized: 6500 CHF- The Roman Empire. Trajan augustus, 98 – 117- Aureus circa 116-117, AV 20 mm, 7.28g. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTI – M AVG GERM DAC Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust r. Rev. PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P S P Q R Draped bust of Sol r. C 187 var. (GER). BMC 621. RIC 329. CBN 882. Woytek 572f. Calicó 1038. Two lovely portraits struck in high relief. Good very fine. Ex Triton XVI, 2013, 1083 and Künker 236, 2013, 1044 sales.
4. https://wcn.pl/archive/79_0006?q=aureus+traian Aureus 114–117 79/6. Sprzedaż: aukcja stacjonarna (79) Numer katalogowy: 79/6 Opis: STAROŻYTNOŚĆ - CESARSTWO RZYMSKIE - Trajan (98–117), Aureus, 114–117, Rzym; Aw: Popiersie cesarza w wieńcu laurowym w prawo, IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC; Rw: Popiersie Sola w koronie radialnej, w prawo, PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P S P Q R; Calicio 1038, RIC 329; złoto, 19.4mm, 6.73g. Stan: II- Cena szacunkowa: 17 500 zł Cena wywoławcza: 14 000 zł. Cena sprzedaży: 29 900 zł cena zawiera 15% opłaty aukcyjnej Data sprzedaży: 19-11-2022.
5. https://www.numisbids.com/n.php?p=lot&sid=4955&lot=754 Lot 754 Estimate: 10 000 GBP Price realized: 6500 GBP. Trajan AV Aureus. Rome, AD 116-117. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust to right / PARTHICO P M TR P P COS VI P P S P Q R, radiate and draped bust of Sol to right. RIC II 329; BMCRE 621-623; Woytek 572f; BN 880-882; Biaggi 499; Calicó 1038. 7.16g, 19mm, 6h. Near Extremely Fine. From the Kingsdown Collection.
6. coins.ha.com Description Trajan (AD 98-117). AV aureus (19mm, 7.29gm, 7h). NGC Choice XF 5/5 - 4/5. Rome, AD 116-117. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust of Trajan right, seen from behind / PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P S P Q R, radiate, draped bust of Sol right, seen from front. RIC II 329. Calicó 1038a.
7. cngcoins eAuction Electronic Auction 457 Lot nuber 270 Trajan. AD 98-117. AV Aureus (19.5mm, 7.02g, 7h). Rome mint. Struck circa AD 116-117. Electronic Auction 457 Lot: 270. Estimated: $ 2 500. Roman Imperial, Gold. Sold For $ 1 900. Rome mint. Struck circa AD 116-117. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P S P Q R •, radiate and draped bust of Sol right. RIC II 329f; Woytek 572f; Strack 253; Calicó 1038; BMCRE 621–3; BN 880–2; Biaggi 499. Numerous scratches and nicks, deep scrape across face and neck of Trajan, edge cuts, probably ex jewelry. Good VF. From the Alpine Collection. Closing Date and Time: 4 December 2019 at 11:29:40 ET.
8. cngcoins eAuction Keystone Auction 6 – Session Two Lot nuber 2014 Trajan. AD 98-117. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.00g, 7h). Rome mint. Struck circa Autumn AD 116-August AD 117. Keystone Auction 6 – Session Two Lot: 2014. Estimated: $ 2 000. Roman Imperial, Gold. Sold For $ 3 250. Trajan. AD 98-117. AV Aureus (19mm, 7.00g, 7h). Rome mint. Struck circa Autumn AD 116-August AD 117. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTI M AVG GERM DAC, laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust right / PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P S P Q R •, radiate and draped bust of Sol right. RIC II 329f; Woytek 572f; Strack 253; Calicó 1038b; BMCRE 621-623; BN 880-882. Light reddish tone, a few minor scratches and surface marks. Near VF.
9. https://romanumismatics.com/243-lot-454-trajan-av-aureus?auction_id=143&view=lot_detail Auction XXIX, 09-11-2023, Lot 454 Trajan AV Aureus. Description Trajan AV Aureus. Rome, AD 116-117. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust to right / PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P S P Q R, radiate and draped bust of Sol to right. RIC II 329; C. -; BMCRE 621-623; Woytek 572f; BN 880-882; Biaggi 499; Calicó 1038. 7.33g, 19mm, 7h. Near Extremely Fine; lustrous metal. Hammered For: £5,000.
10. https://romanumismatics.com/243-lot-453-trajan-av-aureus?auction_id=143&view=lot_detail Auction XXIX, 09-11-2023, Lot 453 Trajan AV Aureus. Description Trajan AV Aureus. Rome, AD 116-117. IMP CAES NER TRAIAN OPTIM AVG GERM DAC, laureate, draped and cuirassed bust to right / PARTHICO P M TR P COS VI P P S P Q R, radiate and draped bust of Sol to right. RIC II 329; BMCRE 621-623; Woytek 572f; BN 880-882; Biaggi 499; Calicó 1038. 7.18g, 19mm, 6h. Good Extremely Fine. While it is very likely that the Romans, like many other cultures, had a reverence for the sun from the earliest of times, the 'official' cult of the sun-god, Sol Indiges, did not have a very high profile initially. According to Roman sources, the worship of Sol was introduced by Titus Tatius. A shrine to Sol stood on the banks of the Numicius, near many important shrines of early Latin religion. In Rome itself Sol had an 'old' temple in the Circus Maximus according to Tacitus, and this temple remained important in the first three centuries AD. Sol also had an old shrine on the Quirinal Hill where an annual sacrifice was offered on August 9. Romans were therefore well acquainted with the concept of a sun god, though his appearance on coinage was infrequent; it would require an Eastern revival of the cult to bring it to prominence. It is known that by AD 158 the cult of Sol Invictus was established at Rome, as evidenced by a votive military inscription (see Campbell, 1994, The Roman Army, 31 BC-AD 337: A Sourcebook, p. 43 and Halsberghe, 1972, The Cult of Sol Invictus, p. 45), however Rome's first contact with the Syrian cult that would come to worship the sun under this name probably occurred sometime during the reign of Hadrian, whose Eastern connections led to an intensification of relations with the Eastern provinces of the empire. Hadrian had accompanied Trajan on all his campaigns in Dacia and the East, and had been appointed legate of Syria, and remained there to guard the Roman frontiers as Trajan, now seriously ill, returned to Rome. Sol appears on the coinage of Trajan where the type is used as a deliberate and obvious reference to his campaign of conquest in the East. Sol also appears early on in the coinage of Hadrian's reign, personifying the East more explicitly still with the inscription ORIENS below the portrait, doubtless representing not only a continuation of Trajan's legacy but also an indirect reference to the emperor himself who, like the sun, had risen to power in the east.

Un saluto cordiale.
Giulio De Florio

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Note:
(1) Aureo (oro). Raccolgo in tabella le caratteristiche fisiche degli aurei della tipologia di figura  tratte dai link di cui sopra: